TREACHER - COLLINS : symptoms, treatments

 TREACHER  COLLINS SYNDROME 

TREACHER COLLINS SYNDROME [ TCS ] is a genetic disorder characterized by deformities of the ears eyes , cheekbone and chin . the degree to which a person is affected , however , may vary from mild to severe. complication may include breathing problems , problem seeing , cleft palate and hearing loss . those affected generally have normal intelligence . 





TCS is usually autosomal dominant . Diagnosis is generally suspected based on symptoms and X rays and potentially confirmation by genetic testing . TSC is not curable . symptoms may be managed with reconstructive surgery , hearing aids , speech therapy , life expectancy is generally normal .  

SYMPTOMS OF TREACHER COLLINS SYNDRONE 

Symptoms in people with TCS vary . some individuals are so mildly affected that they remain undiagnosed , while other have moderate to severe facial treatment and life threatening airway compromise . 



The most common symptoms of TCS is underdevelopment of the lower  jaw and the zygomatic bone . this can be accompanied by the tongue being retracted . the small mandible can results in a poor occlusion of the teeth or in more severe cases , trouble breathing or swallowing . underdevelopment of the zygomatic bone gives the cheeks a sunken  appearance. 

Less common features of TCS may add to an affected person's breathing problems , including sleep apnea . underdevelopment of the pharynx can also narrow the airway . the psychological and social problems associated with facial deformity can affect quality of life in individuals with TCS .

 

TREATMENT OF TREACHER COLLINS SYNDROME 



The  treatment of individuals with TCS may involve the intervention of professional from multiple disciplines . the primary concern are breathing and feeding as a consequences  of the hypoplasia of the mandibula and the obstruction of the hypopharynx by the tongue . Sometimes , they may require to maintain an adequate airway., and a gastrostomy to assure an adequate caloric intake protecting the airway . 

this may predict the postoperative situation and gives insight on the chance of the presence of sleep apnea [ OSAS ] after the operation . hearing loss is treated by bone conduction amplification , speech therapy , and educational intervention to avoid language / speech problems . external ear reconstruction is usually done when the individuals is at least 8 years old . sometimes , the external auditory canal or middle ear can also be treated . 

The contour of the facial soft tissues generally requires correction at a later age , of the facial skeletal maturity . the use of microsurgical methods ,like the free flap transfer , has improved  the correction of facial soft contours . another techniques to improves the facial soft tissues contour is lipofilling . for instance , lipofilling is used  to reconstruct the eyelids . 

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

What are signs of cancer on the lips ?

Image
 LIP CANCER : Lip cancer develops from abnormal cells that grow out of control and form lesions or tumors on the lips. Lip cancer is a type of oral cancer. It develops in thin, flat cells — called squamous cells — that line the: lips mouth tongue cheeks sinuses throat hard and soft palates Lip cancer and other kinds of oral cancer are types of head and neck cancers. Certain lifestyle choices can increase your risk of developing lip cancer. These include: smoking cigarettes heavy alcohol use excessive sun exposure tanning Dentists are typically the first to notice signs of lip cancer, often during a routine dental exam. Lip cancer is highly curable when diagnosed early. WHAT ARE THE CAUSE OF LIP CANCER ? Lip cancer is a type of oral cancer that  begins Trusted Source  in the mucosa of the mouth. This is the tissue that lines the mouth. Lip cancer is the  most common  cancer of the mouth. More than 90%  of oral mucosa cancers, including lip cancers, begin in the squamous cells of the epi
Read more

What is the main cause of lipoma ?

Image
 LIPOMA : Lipomas are  benign soft tissue tumors . They grow slowly and are not cancerous. Most lipomas don’t need treatment. If a lipoma is bothering you, your healthcare provider can remove it with an outpatient procedure. A lipoma is a round or oval-shaped lump of tissue that grows just beneath the skin. It’s made of fat, moves easily when you touch it and doesn’t usually cause pain. Lipomas can appear anywhere on the body, but they’re most common on the back, trunk (torso), arms, shoulders and neck.   A lipoma is a lump of fatty tissue that grows just under the skin. Lipomas move easily when you touch them and feel rubbery, not hard. Most lipomas aren’t painful and don't cause health problems so they rarely need treatment. If a lipoma is bothering you, your provider can remove it. WHAT THE SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF LIPOMA ? Lipomas aren’t usually painful, but they can be uncomfortable if they press against a nerve or develop near a joint. Many people who have a lipoma don’t notice
Read more

what is the fastest way to kill scabies ?

Image
SCABIES: There are approximately 200 million cases of scabies in the world at any given time. It’s a highly contagious condition that can easily be passed from one person to another through direct skin contact. Scabiesa sexually transmitted disease, although it can be transmitted through intimate contact, sharing clothing, or sharing bedding. Although scabies can be bothersome, the mites can usually be eliminated. Treatment often consists of medications that kill the mites and their eggs. Since scabies is so contagious, doctors usually also recommend treatment for the people who are in frequent contact with the person who has scabies. What are the causes of  scabies ? Scabies is the result of an infestation of tiny, eight-legged mites. These bugs are so small you  can’t  see them on your skin, but you can certainly see their effects. The mites burrow into the top layer of your skin to live and feed. Female mites lay eggs. Your skin reacts to the mites and their waste, and you develop a
Read more