What is contact dermatitis ? and how to treat them ?

 Contact Dermatitis :

Contact dermatitis is an itchy rash caused by direct contact with a substances or  an allergic rection to it . The rash isn't contagious , but it can be very uncomfortable . Many substances  can cause this reaction , such as cosmetics , fragrances, jewellery and plants . The rash often shows up within days of exposure . To identify and avoid the cause of your reaction . The substances  causing the reasons , the rash often clears up in 2 to 4 weeks . 

An allergic or irritant reaction causing contact dermatitis is uncomfortable but no contagious . to treat , or better yet, prevent that red, itchy rash on your skin . Dermatitis is the term for  skin inflammation . Contact dermatitis is an allergic or irritant reaction that causes a painful or itchy skin rash . Contact dermatitis from coming into contact with an allergen or an irritant. 

Pictures of Contact Dermatitis :






TYPES OF CONTACT DERMITIES:

The 2 main types of contact dermatitis are :

Allergic contact dermitis : Body has an allergic reaction to a substances that it doesn't like. common allergens include jewellry metals cosmetic products , fragrances and preservatives . it can take several days after exposure for an itchy , red rash to develop . 

Irritant contact dermatitis : This painful rash tends to come on quickly in response to an irritating substances . common irritants include detergents , soaps , cleaners and acid . 

CAUSES ALLERGIC CONTACT DERMATITIS :

Every time skin comes into contact with an allergen that it doesn't like , your body's immune system responds . white blood cells are recruited into the skin , releasing chemical medicators of inflammation . This response causes the itchy rash . The rash may appear minutes , hours or several days after exposure. 

- fragrances 

- metals such as nickel

- botanicals 

- medication, including antibiotics 

- preservatives 

SYMPTOMS OF CONTACT DERMATITIS :

Signs of contact dermatitis include a skin rash that is : 

- red 

- swollen , blistering or oozing 

- burning or stinging

- flaky or scaling 

- swollen or hive like 

- itchy 

- painful

HOW IS CONTACT DERMATITIS DIAGNOSED ?

Clinical can reveal clues to the underlying diagnosis of irritant or allergic contact dermatitis . A careful history can uncover clues as to to the offending agent .  type of contact dermatitis , you can avoid the substances for a while to see if the rash goes away . if avoidance is not possible or not sustainable , further diagnostic testing may be indicated .  Suspected cases of allergic contact  dermatitis , a series of tests called  patch testing  can identify the underlying cause of allergic contact dermatitis . 

Patches  on your skin . The patches  contain chemicals known to commonly trigger allergic reaction . After 48 hours , your  healthcare  provider again in another 48-96 hours for one last skin check . Healthcare provider may be able to determine the causing the rash based on the types of irritants or chemicals  you're exposed to regularly . 

HOW IS CONTACT DERMATITIS  MANAGED OR TREATED ?

Treated  for both types of contact dermitis is the same . it can take several  weeks for the rash to go away . Treatment include :
1. Avoidance : if you can figure out causing the rash , take steps to avoid it or minimize exposure. 
2. Anti- itch creams : Corticosteroid creams can ease inflammation and itching . 
3. Oral steriods : Prednisone , a  type of steroid , can relieve rash symptoms that don't respond to antihistamines or other treatments . 
4. Immunosuppressive medications :  in severe cases, where repeated bouts of oral steroids are needed . 

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