GLAUCOMA : causes , symptoms , risk factors , preventions

 GLAUCOMA 

Glaucoma is a group of eye condition that damage the optic nerve , the health of which is vital for good vision . this damage is often caused by an abnormally high pressure in your eye . Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness for people over the age 60 . it occur  at any age but is more common in order adults . 



Many forms of glaucoma have no warning signs . the effects is so gradual that you may not notice a change in vision until the condition is at an advanced stage . 

because vision loss due to glaucoma can't be recovered , it's important to have regular eye exams that include measurements of your eye pressure so a diagnosis can be made in its early stages and treated appropriately . if glaucoma is recognized early, vision loss can be slowed or prevented . the condition , you'll generally need treatment for the rest of your life . 

SYMPTOMS OF GLAUCOMA 



The signs are symptoms of glaucoma  vary depending on the type and stage of your condition. foe example :

OPEN - ANGLE GLAUCOMA 

patchy blind  spots in your side or central vision , frequently in both eyes 

tunnel vision in the advanced stages 

ACUTE ANGLE- CLOSURE GLAUCOMA 

severe headache 

eye pain 

nausea and vomiting 

blurred vision 

halos around light 

eye redness 

CAUSES OF GLAUCOMA 



Glaucoma is the results of damage to the optic nerve . as this nerve gradually deteriorates , blind spots develop in your visual field . for reason that doctors don't fully understand , this nerve damage is damage is usually related to increased pressure in the eye . 

Elevated eye pressure is due to a buildup of a fluid that flows throughout the inside of your eye. this internal fluid normally drains out through a tissue called the trabecular meshwork at the angle where the iris and cornea  meet . when fluid is overproduced or the drainage system doesn't work properly , the fluid  can't flow out at its normal rate and eye pressure increases . 

Glaucoma tends to run in families . in some people , scientist have identified genes  related to high eye pressure and optic nerve damage . 

RISK FACTORS 

Chronic forms of glaucoma can destroy vision before any signs or symptoms are apparent , be aware of these risk factors :

having high internal eye pressure

being over age 60 

being black , Asian or Hispanic 

Having  a family history of glaucoma 

Having corneas that are thin in the center 

Being extremely nearsighted or farsighted 

Having had an eye injury or certain types of eye surgery 

Taking corticosteroid medications , especially eyedrops , for a long time 

PREVENTION OF GLAUCOMA 


Regular comprehensive eye exams can helps detect glaucoma in its early stages , before significant damage occurs . Glaucoma tends to run in families . if you're at increased risk , you may need more frequent  screening . 

Regular , moderate exercise may help prevent glaucoma by reducing eye pressure . talk to your doctor about an appropriate exercise program . Glaucoma eyedrops can significantly reduce the risk that high eye pressure  will progress to glaucoma . to be effective , eyedrops prescribed by your doctor  need  to be used regularly even if have no symptoms . 

serious  eye injuries  can lead to glaucoma . wear eye protection when using power tools or playing high speed racket sports in enclosed courts .

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