PEMPHIGUS VULGARIS : CAUSES , SYMPTOMS , TREATMENTS

 PEMPHIGUS  VULGARIS 

Pemphigus is a disease that causes blisters and sores on the skin or mucous membranes , such as in the mouth or on the genitals . Pemphigus is occur at any age , it most often seen in people who are middle aged or order . it tends to be a long - lasting conditions and some types can be life threating without treatments . treatment with medication usually controls it. 



Pemphigus vulgaris is the most common type of a group of autoimmune disorders called pemphigus . Each type of pemphigus is characterized by where the blisters form . 

Pemphigus vulgaris affects the mucous membrances , which are found in areas  including the :

Mouth

Throat 

Nose 

Eyes

Genitals 

Lungs

SYMPTOMS  OF PEMPHIGUS VULGARIS 

Pemphigus causes blisters on your skin and membrances  . the blisters rupture easily , leaving open sores. 



The signs and symptoms of two common types of pemphigus are as follow:

1 . Pemphigus Vulgaris : This type usually  begins with blisters in the mouth and your skin or genital mucous membrances . Blisters typically  are  painful  but don't itch . Blisters in your mouth or throat may make it hard to swallow and eat . 

2 . Pemphigus Foliaceus : This type causes blisters on the chest , back and shoulders . The blisters tend to be itchy than painful . Pemphigus foliaceus doesn't cause mouth blisters . 

CAUSES OF PEMPHIGUS 

Pemphigus is an autoimmune disorder . Normally , your immune system  produces antibiotics to fight off harmful invaders , such viruses and bacteria . But in Pemphigus , the body produces antibodies that damaged cells of your skin and muccous membranes . Pemphigus is triggered by the use  of angiotensin - converting enzymes inhibitors , and other drugs . 


TREATMENT OF PEMPHIGUS VULGARIS 



The primary aim of treatment of pemphigus vulgaris is to decrease blisters formation , prevent  infection and promote healing of blisters and erosions . The doses of the corticosteroids needed to control pemphigus vulgaris and the length of time on treatment may result in serious side effects and risks . 

TOPICAL THERAPHY 
Topical therapy for cutaneous pemphigus vulgaris may include topical steroids and emollients . 
Treatments of muscosal pemphigus vulgaris may include various formulations of a topical steroid , intralesional steroid , topical tacrolimus , or tropical ciclosporin . 

Other medications that are sometimes used in pemphigus include :
  • Dapsone 
  • Methotrexate
  • Tetracyclines
  • Nicotinamide
  • Plasmapheresis
  • Intravenous immunoglobulin 
  • Extracorporeal photopheresis
  • Immunoadsorption 
  • The TNFa inhibitor , infiximab . 

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