Is perniosis the same as chilblains ?

 CHILBLAINS [ PERNIOSIS ] :



Chilblains, also known as pernio, are small patches of inflamed skin. They develop after exposure to air that’s cold or damp but not freezing. Usually, chilblains form on your fingers or toes, but they can develop on the legs or ears.

Chilblains are typically red or bluish. They may feel itchy, tender or painful. Other names for chilblains include pernio and perniosis.Chilblains are inflamed, painful skin patches. Typically, these skin patches develop after exposure to cold but not freezing air. Anyone can get chilblains, but they are most common in women. Most of the time, chilblains heal without treatment.

WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF CHILBLAINS ?



Chilblains form after intermittent or prolonged exposure to cold or damp air. The cold air causes blood vessels  near your skin’s surface to tighten or constrict, leading to decreased oxygenation and inflammation in these exposed areas.

The exact reason why this reaction occurs is unknown. Some experts believe pernio develops because of:

  • Genetics.
  • Hormonal changes.
  • Underlying diseases, such as connective tissue disorders or perpipheral arterial disease.
WHAT ARE THE SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF CHILBLAINS ?

Chilblains are painful, swollen patches of skin. Although they can appear anywhere, they usually develop on your fingers or toes. They may also show up on your ears or nose. Sometimes, these skin patches look shiny.

You may also have:

  • Blisters.
  • Burning sensation.
  • Itching.
  • Skin color changes, with red or blue patches.
HOW IS A CHILBLAINS DIAGNOSIS ?

Healthcare provider can diagnose chilblains by looking at your skin. You may also have blood tests or a skin biopsy.These tests help your provider determine if you have a condition that increases your risk for chilblains or have another condition that mimics chilblains.

HOW TO TREAT CHILBLAINS  ?



Chilblains go away on their own as long as you avoid the cold and/or damp weather conditions. If you still have chilblain symptoms after two or three weeks, you may see a healthcare provider for treatment.

Your provider may prescribe medications. These medicines can soothe pain or itching. Some medicines also lower your chances that chilblains will come back. You may take:

  • Oral medications (taken by mouth): Includes medications such as nifedipine  that will help dilate your blood vessels or pentoxifylline that will improve your circulation.
  • Topical medications (applied to your skin): Includes medications such as nitroglycerin  or a topical steroid such as betamethasone valerate

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